Published in December All rights reserved. Check local listings. Reproduction courtesy of the Library of Congress Gibbons v. Ogden Gibbons v. Ogden vastly expanded the powers of Congress through a single clause in the Constitution: the Commerce Clause of Article I, Section 8. The Court ruled that under that clause Congress had powers to regulate any aspect of commerce that crossed state lines, including modes of transportation, and that such regulation preempted conflicting regulation by the states.
Since Gibbons, the Commerce Clause has provided the basis for sweeping congressional power over a multitude of national issues. John Marshall was the longest serving Chief Justice in Supreme Court history and played a significant role in the development of the American legal system and federal Indian law. Marshall has been credited with cementing the position of the American judiciary as an independent and influential branch of government.
The Marshall Court made several important decisions relating to federalism, shaping the balance of power between the federal government and the states. This case primarily related to land issues and the interpretation of the Doctrine of Discovery in the United States. The Court went on to say that the Indians did not own land outright, but that they had rights to occupy lands and only the discovering nation U. Indians could not sell lands to individuals and states do not have legal standing to settle aboriginal land claims.
The case went to the Supreme Court. The Court had to decide-who had the power to regulate navigation on interstate waterways: Congress, or the individual states? The Court acknowledged that the Constitution did not expressly grant Congress the power to regulate navigation on interstate waterways.
But Marshall pointed out that all the states were connected by waterways and commerce would be impossible without navigating them. If individual states had their own rules about commerce with other states, trade would be next to impossible. Upcoming Events Explore our upcoming webinars, events and programs. View All Events. Invest In Our Future The most effective way to secure a freer America with more opportunity for all is through engaging, educating, and empowering our youth.
Support now Make your investment into the leaders of tomorrow through the Bill of Rights Institute today! Make a Donation. After a brief stint in Congress, Marshall entered the cabinet as secretary of state, the office he held when Adams nominated him to be chief justice. Marshall is best known for two important contributions to modern U. First, he established the power and prestige of the judiciary department, so that it could claim equal status with Congress and the Executive in a balanced government of separated powers.
Second, Marshall interpreted the Constitution in ways that significantly enhanced the powers of the federal government. He believed that those powers, though enumerated, should be construed expansively in order to accomplish the great ends of government.
Though limited, federal power was supreme within its allotted sphere, superseding state power whenever there was a conflict.
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