Learning Objectives Differentiate among the digestive organs and their location relative to the peritoneum. Key Takeaways Key Points The peritoneum supports the abdominal organs and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves. There are two layers of the peritoneum: the outer layer, called the parietal peritoneum, is attached to the abdominal wall; the inner layer, the visceral peritoneum, is wrapped around the internal organs that are located inside the intraperitoneal cavity.
The mesentery is the double layer of visceral peritoneum. The potential space between these two layers, the peritoneal cavity, is filled with a small amount of slippery serous fluid that allows the two layers to slide freely over each other.
The structures in the abdomen are classified as intraperitoneal, retroperitoneal, or infraperitoneal, depending on whether they are covered with visceral peritoneum and are attached by mesenteries. There are two main regions of the peritoneum connected by the epiploic foramen: the greater sac or general cavity of the abdomen, and the lesser sac or omental bursa. Intraperitoneal organs and retroperitoneal organs weave in and out of these membranes, and serve varying functions.
Retroperitoneal structures tend to be more static than intraperitoneal ones. Key Terms greater omentum : A large fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach. Examples In one form of dialysis, called peritoneal dialysis, a glucose solution is sent through a tube into the peritoneal cavity. Licenses and Attributions. CC licensed content, Shared previously.
These organs are not lined by the peritoneum. This is the difference between intraperitoneal organs and retroperitoneal organs. You can download the PDF version of this article and use it for offline purposes as per citation note. Available here 2. Available here. Samanthi Udayangani holds a B. Degree in Plant Science, M. Your email address will not be published. Figure The Peritoneum. Figure Retroperitoneal Space.
Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Several pelvic organs lie inferior to the peritoneum: subperitoneal. Previous Next. Description: The structures in the abdomen can lie in one of three locations in relation to the peritoneum: intraperitoneal, secondary retroperitoneal or primary retroperitoneal. This page explains the development, adult configuration and characteristics of the extraperitoneal location, that includes the retroperitoneal location.
Anatomical structures in item: Peritoneum. Requirements for usage You are free to use this item if you follow the requirements of the license: View license. If you use this item you should credit it as follows: For usage in print - copy and paste the line below: "Extraperitoneal: retroperitoneal, subperitoneal, preperitoneal" at AnatomyTOOL.
To be reviewed Information Comment. Extraperitoneal: retroperitoneal, subperitoneal, preperitoneal. Uploaded by: opgobee. Retroperitoneal space is the cavity of the abdomen, occurring outside the peritoneum. Some organs that occur inside the retroperitoneal space are the rest of the duodenum, ascending and descending colon, and the middle third of the rectum.
Also, the remainder of the pancreas, kidneys and adrenal glands, renal vessels, and the proximal uterus are the other organs in the retroperitoneal space.
Figure 2: Vertical Disposition of the Peritoneum. Moreover, some organs such as kidneys are primary retroperitoneal organs as the complete organ is located in the retroperitoneal space. However, some organs are secondary retroperitoneal organs, which develop intraperitoneally and then become retroperitoneal organs. Some examples of secondary retroperitoneal organs are duodenum, rectum, etc.
Furthermore, some organs such as the urinary bladder and the lower third of the rectum occur below the peritoneum. Therefore, they are known as subperitoneal organs.
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